![]() A comparison of maternal effects and current environment on vital rates of Aphis nerii, the milkweed–oleander aphid. It’s the first bites that count: Survival of first-instar monarchs on milkweeds. Detrimental effects of latex and cardiac glycosides on survival and growth of first-instar monarch butterfly larvae Danaus plexippus feeding on the sandhill milkweed Asclepias humistrata. The North American species of Asclepias L. Cardenolide and oxypregnane glycosides from the root of Asclepias incarnata L. Post-damage alkaloid concentration in sweet and bitter lupin varieties and its effect on subsequent herbivory. A phylogenetic reconstruction of constitutive and induced resistance in Gossypium. Bisexual reproduction of a form of Aphis nerii B–De–F (Homoptera, Aphididae) from Hokkaido. Direct and ecological costs of resistance to herbivory. Biometry: The Principles and Practice of Statistics in Biological Research. Genotypic variation in induced resistance and induced susceptibility in the peach-Myzus persicae aphid system. P., P ascal, T., K ervella, J., and P oessel, J. Seasonal and intraplant variation of cardenolide content in the California milkweed, Asclepias eriocarpa, and implications for plant defense. Cardenolide fingerprint of monarch butterflies reared on common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca. Density-dependent reduction and induction of milkweed cardenolides by a sucking insect herbivore. Milkweed latex and cardenolide induction may resolve the lethal plant defence paradox. Evolutionary and ecological implications of cardenolide sequestration in the monarch butterfly. Herbivores: Their Interactions with Secondary Plant Metabolites. Cardenolide-mediated interactions between plants and herbivores, in G. Disruption of web structure and predatory behavior of a spider by plant-derived chemical defenses of an aposematic aphid. Meta-analysis of trade-offs among plant antiherbivore defenses: Are plants jacks-of-all-trades, masters of all? Am. K oricheva, J., N ykanen, H., and G ianoli, E. Effects of variation among plant species on the interaction between a herbivore and its parasitoid. Tests for host-associated fitness trade-offs in the milkweed-oleander aphid. Wound induced proteinase inhibitor in plant leaves-Possible defense mechanism against insects. Characteristics of hydroxamic acid induction in wheat triggered by aphid infestation. A phenotypic trade-off between constitutive defenses and induced responses in wheat seedlings. The lethal plant defense paradox remains: Inducible host-plant aristolochic acids and the growth and defense of the pipevine swallowtail. Herbivore-infested plants selectively attract parasitoids. Chemical feeding deterrent mobilized in response to insect herbivory and counteradaptation by Epilachna tredecimnotata. Differential inter- and intra-specific defense induction in Lupinus by Myzus persicae feeding. Asclepias speciosa (Apocynales, Asclepiadaceae). Plant-determined variation in the cardenolide content, thin-layer chromatography profiles, and emetic potency of monarch butterflies, Danaus-plexippus L (Lepidoptera, Danaidae) reared on milkweed plants in California. Facing herbivory as you grow up: the ontogeny of resistance in plants. Once upon a milkweed-In this complex community, one insects poison may be another’s meal. Plant defense and density-dependence in the population growth of herbivores. Benefits and costs of induced plant defense for Lepidium virginicum (Brassicaceae). Our results highlight that congeneric plant species may respond differently to the same levels of herbivore damage.Ī grawal, A. ![]() ![]() However, aphids had no effect on the defensive chemistry, growth, or nutritional quality of either A. High aphid density led to a decrease in A. Aphids also caused reductions in biomass accumulation by two of four Asclepias species, A. Cardenolide concentrations did not respond to aphid feeding in the other three milkweed species. Contrary to our predictions, we observed feeding-induced declines of cardenolide concentrations in A. Based on previous studies, we did not expect cardenolide induction in A. tuberosa), but that there would be no induction in high constitutive cardenolide species (e.g., A. We hypothesized that high aphid density would lead to increased cardenolide expression in species with low constitutive levels of cardenolides (e.g., A. In a set of laboratory experiments, we examined density-dependent induction by the milkweed-oleander aphid, Aphis nerii, of putative defenses in four milkweed species ( Asclepias incarnata, Asclepias syriaca, Asclepias tuberosa, and Asclepias viridis). Induced plant responses to leaf-chewing insects have been well studied, but considerably less is known about the effects of phloem-feedings insects on induction.
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